What is three battery concept unit

What does 3 yuan battery concept have to appear on the market company? Ternary battery concept listed companies list

China's lithium battery technology is 10 years later than Japan's, and it emerged at the end of the last century at the same time as South Korea's. In 2005, China, Japan and South Korea formed a three-way situation. Small make up for you to provide three batteries, the benefit of the stock

Domestic demand growth of new energy vehicles is basically dependent on subsidies. The dual-point policy helps to drive the industry to transition from policy subsidies to marketization. However, it largely promotes the supply side of new energy vehicles. One of the current core problems of China's new energy vehicles is the insufficient range. The fundamental reason lies in battery technology. Ternary batteries have the characteristics of high energy density, which fully conforms to the industrial development trend. It can be seen from the policy support, the expansion direction of the lithium battery plant and the vehicle catalog that the ternary technology has been determined to become the mainstream of lithium battery.

In theory, the improvement of energy density ratio should be considered from the perspective of positive electrode. The higher the nickel content is, the higher the energy density ratio will be. In addition, for safety reasons, coated wet diaphragm is also one of the more beneficial segments for lithium batteries.

Ternary batteries are trending

At present domestic mainstream lithium batteries cost of new energy car companies in 1300-1700 yuan/KWH, and tesla's battery costs have dropped to $125 per KWH (about 850 yuan), lithium batteries cost reduction will be a long-term trend, of course, this does not mean that the price will be a long-term decline, because in addition to price, booth low cost is one of the best ways to improve the lithium battery technology, improve the energy density ratio.

China's lithium battery technology is 10 years later than Japan's, and it emerged at the end of the last century at the same time as South Korea's. In 2005, China, Japan and South Korea formed a three-way situation. But China was to follow is the technical route, lithium iron phosphate and taking is three yuan cell line in Korea and Japan, two of the most intuitive example is the domestic new energy vehicle leading byd (48.80 + 1.67%, examine shares last year also all is the capacity of the lithium iron phosphate, and tesla domestic mainstream lithium iron phosphate is not lying, but ran with Japan panasonic battery.

The biggest advantage of ternary battery is its high energy density. The theoretical energy density of lithium iron phosphate is 170Wh/Kg, while ternary battery can achieve more than 300. With the increasing requirement of electric vehicle range, the lithium battery industry in China has gradually abandoned the lithium iron phosphate route in recent years and moved closer to the ternary system:

1) from the perspective of policy, according to the development plan of power battery in made in China 2025, the domestic energy density needs to reach 300Wh/Kg by 2020 and increase to 400Wh/Kg by 2025. According to this figure, lithium iron phosphate cannot be achieved technically.

2) from the promotion catalog, since the energy density ratio is linked to the subsidy, in order to get the maximum subsidy, the proportion of three-yuan batteries used by passenger cars and logistics vehicles is greatly increased. In the promotion catalogue of the first seven batches of this year, the energy density ratio of pure electric passenger cars and passenger cars basically shows a trend of main batch increase, among which the average energy density ratio of new energy passenger cars increases from 103.8Wh/Kg to 127.2Wh/Kg one batch, and passenger cars increases from 114.6Wh/Kg to 118.26Wh/Kg. The number of passenger cars and logistics vehicles taking the three-yuan route is also increasing gradually. The proportion of three-yuan batteries used in batches 1-3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 is 72.7%, 74.1%, 75.9%, 95.65% and 97.5% respectively.

3) from the perspective of capacity planning, the new capacity of major foreign lithium battery manufacturers such as samsung SDI and LG chemical from 2015 to 2017 is all ternary system. Domestic such as bic, super power, tianneng, tianpeng, foster's (30.82+1.31%, clinical shares) all planned capacity in 2017 is three yuan, even lithium iron phosphate giant byd these two years involved in this technical route. In 2015, the proportion of lithium iron phosphate and ternary battery was 69% and 28%, respectively. In 2016, it was 60% and 38%. It is expected that the market will present a 50-50 pattern in 2017, and it is likely to surpass lithium iron phosphate next year.

On the whole, the biggest problem of electric vehicles in China is the battery technology. The wrong route in the past has led to the industry lagging behind South Korea for at least three years. Now both the policy orientation and the production capacity of enterprises have shifted to the ternary system.

High nickel positive is the most beneficial

In the production cost composition of lithium battery, the positive electrode material accounts for about 25% to 30%, which accounts for the highest proportion among the four materials. In 2016, the national production of positive electrode material was 161,600 tons, with a year-on-year growth of 42%, and the output value was as high as 20.8 billion yuan. Although the gross profit of anode materials is only 10%-15%, which is inferior to the subdivision materials such as diaphragm and electrolyte, the profitability is stable and the price has little room for reduction.

The actual specific capacity of anode materials is around 200mAh/g, that of anode materials is 360mAh/g, and the theoretical capacity of graphite anode is 372mAh/g, that is to say, the ratio of negative electrode to energy density has encountered a bottleneck, so anode materials are the main subdivision of the ratio.

At present, there are about five kinds of anode materials for lithium batteries, including lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganese oxide, lithium iron phosphate, lithium cobalt nickel manganese oxide (NCM) and lithium cobalt aluminate (NCA). The last two materials are mainly used in ternary lithium batteries. NCA is the battery used by tesla. Due to the high synthesis difficulty, the market is basically monopolized by Japanese and Korean enterprises. Only a few domestic enterprises such as beitri are in trial production. At present, the main battery used in China is NCM. In terms of type, NCM materials mainly include NCM111, NCM424, NCM523, NCM622 and NCM811, etc.

The value in the ternary battery model is the ratio of nickel-cobalt-manganese materials. The higher the value is, the higher the nickel content is, and the higher the energy density ratio is. Currently, the market is still dominated by 523. According to the calculation of hgli, the output of NCM523 accounted for about 76% in 2016, while that of NCM111 and NCM622 accounted for 13% and 10% respectively.

The maximum energy density of NCM523 is 200Wh/Kg, while the maximum energy density of NCM622 and NCA811 is over 230Wh/Kg and 280Wh/Kg respectively. And since cobalt is toxic and expensive, a rise in nickel would reduce the amount of cobalt used, so a higher nickel ratio would be a good thing as well as a bad thing. In the future, with the improvement of capacity density ratio and the extension of consumers' endurance range, ternary battery technology will gradually transfer to NCM622 and NCM811 or even NCA, and high-nickel anode materials will be the most obvious segment to benefit.

Another obvious benefit is the coated wet diaphragm. The only disadvantage of ternary battery is its safety. It was stopped to be used in passenger cars because of this problem. The NCA battery used by tesla did not have similar problems, mainly due to its unique battery cooling system and management system. From the internal structure of the battery, the coated wet diaphragm is more suitable for ternary battery, the main reason is that it can improve the thermal stability of the battery. High energy density of ternary battery can easily lead to temperature rise, membrane contraction, and poor permeability of lithium ion, which can cause battery fire. However, the thermal shrinkage can be controlled at about 2% by coating wet diaphragm, and the permeability is much better than ordinary dry diaphragm.

From the perspective of investment, a-share positive pole materials listed companies include shanshan co., LTD., xiamen tungsten industry co., LTD., dangsheng technology co., LTD., keheng co., LTD. Investors can focus on dengsheng technology. The company has capacity of 8000 tons and 2000 tons in NCM523 and 611, and will add 2000 tons and 3000 tons in the second half of this year. It has capacity layout in NCM811 and NCA fields of high nickel series, and both of them will be put into production gradually in the next two years.

Lithium battery concept unit overview:

1. Tianci materials (stock code: 002709)

2. Aoyang shunchang (stock code: 002245)

3. Greenmark (stock code: 002340)

4. Polyfluorosis (stock code: 002407)

5. Guoxuan high-tech (stock code: 002074)

6. Hengdian DMC (stock code: 002056)

7. ST crowdfunding (ticker symbol: 002070)

8. Shanshan shares (stock code: 600884)

9. Red star development (stock code: 600367)

10. Ganfeng lithium (stock code: 002460)

11. Dangsheng technology (stock code: 300073)

12. Xiamen tungsten industry (stock code: 600549)

13. Jiangte electric machinery (stock code: 002176)

1.4 billion weft lithium energy (stock code: 300014)

15. Smart energy (stock code: 600869)

16. Jinbei electrician (stock code: 002533)

17. China baoan (stock code: 000009)

18. Tianqi lithium (stock code: 002466)

Ternary polymer lithium battery is correct material using nickel cobalt manganese acid lithium (Li (NiCoMn) O2) ternary positive electrode material of lithium battery, the ternary composite cathode material precursor products, is the cobalt nickel salt, salt, manganese salt as raw materials, in the proportion of nickel cobalt manganese can according to the actual need to adjust, the ternary material do the positive cell relative to the cobalt acid lithium battery high safety. However, if the voltage is too low, there will be an obvious feeling of insufficient capacity when using the phone (the cut-off voltage of the phone is generally around 3.0v).

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