Low speed electric car

Last October, the "four-wheel low-speed electric vehicle technical conditions" national standard was formally established. One of the related policy guidelines was to upgrade the power system from lead-acid batteries to lithium batteries. This guidance has caused great repercussions in the industry. So, what opportunities and challenges will the lithium electrification process of low-speed electric vehicles bring? Will the lithium battery upgrade give low-speed electric vehicle companies a chance to sublimate? This question is worth discussing.

First, low speed electric vehicle switching to lithium battery related requirements

There are many reasons why low-speed electric vehicles can achieve such a large amount of applications today. On the whole, their prices are limited to 20,000 to 30,000 or lower. This price range is coupled with local loose use restrictions. It is an accelerant for the rapid development of low-speed electric vehicles. If we discuss and compare the requirements for keeping this price range unchanged, we can get an overview of the demand for battery systems for low-speed electric vehicles:

Hard requirements: the total cost of lithium batteries needs to be comparable to existing costs

The performance of the whole system of lithium batteries needs to be compatible with the current system

The supply model of lithium battery systems needs to be similar to the current model

From the perspective of the system structure of low-speed electric vehicles, it is very important to form a stable and relatively simple structure for each component. The low-speed car core supplier has already made the entire system a template and cost control, and then left it to the manufacturer for assembly and construction.

If according to the existing system, the assembly and layout of the lithium battery system must also be relatively simple. For manufacturers, it is more likely to put the battery in place according to the location that can be arranged. The available locations are as follows:

1. Front cabin: The front cabin is equipped with power cells to pay more attention to the structural abuse of batteries(structural intrusion and loss, extrusion and acupuncture, etc.) in the event of bicycle collisions and collisions with other vehicles;

2. Below the seat: The placement of power cells under the seat has more stringent flame retardant and time delay requirements for the upward spread of the battery after fire;

3. The rear cabin is equipped with a power battery.

The rapid development of low-speed electric vehicles has a direct relationship with the simplicity of the entire system and the ready-made core parts system. It can be seen that the scheme of component vendors dominates in terms of control and characteristics.

Safety of lithium battery

Looking at the worst situation, according to the "New Energy Vehicle Fire Fighting and Rescue Regulations" issued by the Ministry of Public Security, due to some characteristics of lithium batteries, road fire fighting and rescue have also emerged new features.

If low-speed electric vehicles are required to cut into the lithium battery system at once, we need to consider the following issues:

1. Will accidents occur more frequently than existing new energy vehicles? This comparison is mainly based on several comparisons: the number base of low-speed electric steam itself, strict cost constraints, and the timing of new imports;

2. Does the current market demand, the time required for the overall compliance process, and the short lead time for follow-up increase the risk? New energy vehicles have many accidents in the process of development. Car companies have matured in the process of accident trial and error and problem improvement. They also have a relatively long time to implement development and system safety verification. :: The promotion of high market demand for low-speed electric vehicles will make the improvement process of related enterprises much shorter;

3. The market for low-speed electric vehicles is characterized by the dispersion of the private market. If the first two items are not in place, it may cause secondary accidents after the self-ignition of low-speed electric vehicles, which may affect houses or other parked vehicles.

This is why lithium is used. Without argument here, the general direction of industrial guidance policy and future development has already been established. We will move forward according to this large framework. It can be expected that the requirements for the performance and working conditions of new energy vehicles will be downgraded and reduced, but the formulation of national standards for the safety of new energy vehicles will include the core requirements for the safety of low-speed electric vehicles. It may be that each content will be adjusted. There may be changes or trade-offs in multiple projects. This is the general trend.

III. Opportunities and projections

1. Due to the safety control possibility of the above analysis, real-time monitoring of low-speed electric vehicles may be more thorough than that of new energy vehicles; Local monitoring platform will become the main platform for low-speed electric vehicle safety monitoring.

2. Iron lithium batteries are currently mainly used in commercial vehicles and some special vehicles. As the commercial vehicle market gradually becomes saturated in the next few years and the logistics vehicle market pursues higher specific energy and energy density indicators, the sales of iron lithium batteries will be difficult to achieve. Multispeed growth. Under this trend, the lithium iron phosphate battery company that needs to pass the national standard in the field of electric cores and modules, and at the same time has a subsidized energy density, will shift its focus to the low-speed electric vehicle market. It may be a high probability event. In the future, with the clarity of the competition pattern, there will be iron lithium battery companies focusing on low-speed electric vehicles. However, the regional development pattern of low-speed electric vehicles may lead to the emergence of local protectionism.

3. Lithium electrification of low-speed electric vehicles is carried out under the condition of low cost battery system, and safety is an unavoidable factor. Power battery companies need to achieve cost control and safety assurance. One is to pull production capacity up, and then the type B core after grouping performance parameters uses lithium power systems for low-speed electric vehicles to obtain price exploration power.

4. In the process of lithium electrification of low-speed electric vehicles, lithium battery companies and low-speed electric vehicle companies are more likely to have new types of partnerships, and it is more likely that there will be cases of mutual alliances and even acquisitions. The variables in this area are particularly large.

The page contains the contents of the machine translation.