How to store cordless drill batteries?

Cordless power tools like drills are quiet and can be used in places where there is no electricity. The most modern models have power comparable to that of their corded counterparts, and they do not generate emissions, require little maintenance, and are easy to use.

However, when it comes to battery chemistry, of the various classes available today, lithium-ion (Li-Ion) batteries have taken the lead in most cordless power tools.?

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This is because these batteries, although they are more expensive, offer a series of advantages over the other types: they have high energy and power, added to low weight, zero memory effect, low self-discharge, and long useful life. Also, a rugged and compact housing design for optimal protection against mechanical stress.

Here in the following post, we are going to discuss the important points related to cordless drill batteries.

Should you leave the battery in the drill?

Generally, it is always advisable to store the batteries in a partially discharged state. If you will store it in a discharged or charged state, it can harm the battery. Thus, most manufacturers have recommended storing these batteries when they are 30 to 40% charged.

You are also wondering about the battery life of the drill. And, to answer, know that it depends on the specific model.

For example, screwing or unscrewing you may have a battery for 3 or 4 hours. But if you combine it with another function, like drilling, the same in 1 or 2 hours you no longer have a battery. The charging time also depends on each model.

For example, Brushless Drill Driver of the Professional Range has two lithium batteries with a capacity of 2.0 AH and a battery level indicator to facilitate your tasks. In addition, some models, include a fast battery charger.

How do you store rechargeable batteries when not in use?

Today we tell you some recommendations that you should follow to properly care for your rechargeable batteries and thereby extend their useful life:

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- Rechargeable batteries should always be charged before using them for the first time as they discharge during storage.

- Do not mix rechargeable batteries of different brands and capacities in the charger, not even in appliances.

- NiMH rechargeable batteries do not need to be completely discharged before recharging, only NiCd rechargeable batteries need to be completely discharged as they have a "memory" effect.

- Rechargeable batteries are the only ones that can be recharged safely so you should never recharge alkaline batteries, carbon/zinc batteries, or lithium batteries.

- All rechargeable batteries get hot during the charging process, keep them out of the reach of children.

- Rechargeable batteries gradually lose their charge even if they are not in use, if you do not use them for months they will need between 2 and 3 charging cycles.

- You should not use a charger that is not designed for the specific chemical composition of rechargeable batteries. Check that the charger is the right one for your rechargeable battery, otherwise, it may damage the batteries and reduce their number of charge cycles. In case of doubt, consult your usual supplier of rechargeable batteries and chargers.

How do you store cordless batteries?

Optimal storage conditions for cordless batteries depend on the active chemicals used in the cells since, during storage, the cells are subject to both self-discharge and possible decomposition of the contents. Over time the solvents in the electrolyte can penetrate through the joints, causing the electrolyte to dry out and lose its effectiveness.

In all cases, these processes are accelerated by heat, and it is advisable to store the batteries in a cool and benign environment to maximize their useful life.

Here are the guidelines to store cordless batteries.

1. Ni-Cd (nickel cadmium), Ni-MH (nickel metal hydride):

Ni-Cd and Ni-MH batteries can be stored short-term in a state of charge or discharge. Long-term storage can accelerate self-discharge and deactivation of reagents.

Although the cells can be stored at temperatures between -20 and 45 ° C, as with almost all heat batteries, it can cause the deterioration of the active chemicals, it is better to keep the cells in a cool, dry and clean environment not corrosive. It may take 2 or 3 deep discharge cycles to restore full capacity (see table).

Since Ni-MH cells have a higher self-discharge rate than Ni-Cd cells, they will lose more charge during storage and have a better chance of charging before they can be used.

2. Li-Ion (lithium-ion) Li-Po (lithium polymer):

The possible short-term storage temperature range for Li-Ion batteries is -20 to 60 ° C, but for a long period of storage, it is recommended: -20 to 25 ° C, with 15 ° C being the ideal.

Batteries should be stored for the short term with a partial charge of between 30 and 50%, and although they can be stored in a discharged state (the battery voltage should not drop below 2.0 volts per cell) and the cells should be recharged to avoid over-discharge (maximum voltage should not exceed 4.1 volts).

If the cells are stored for a long period, the state of charge must be periodically checked (see table), being advisable to foresee for recharging that the battery voltage falls below the recommended minimum, after which the cells suffer irreparable deterioration. This is particularly true for battery packs, as there may be associated electronics that add to the self-discharge leakage of the cells.

3. Lead-acid:

When a lead-acid battery is fully or partially discharged, lead sulfate forms on the electrodes, making it very difficult to convert back to lead and sulfuric acid by the charging process, causing a permanent loss of battery capacity.

It should be stored fully charged (load> 13 V) and should be recharged from time to time during storage to compensate for self-discharge (if the load <13 V), it should be stored at 10 ° C or less, but should not be allowed to the electrolyte freezes.

When the battery is fully charged, the electrolyte is a sulfuric acid solution and the freezing point is -36 ° C, but it rises to 0 ° C in the fully discharged state when the electrolyte is simply water.