How long is the lithium-ion battery lifetime of electric vehicles?

With rapid spread of new energy vehicles, major auto manufacturers have also seen the development of prospects on electric vehicles. Many manufacturers have begun to try to introduce electric vehicles. However, as far as current situation is concerned, there are still some problems need to be solved, For example, how long is the lithium-ion battery lifetime of an electric car? Slow charging, short cruising range, etc., but among these problems, there are some other important issues generally overlooked by consumers - the lifetime of electric vehicle batteries.

Lithium battery life of electric vehicles: "Salt bath" way to extend life

The Australian Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) published a research report yesterday saying that the agency scientists have invented a simpler method to extend the life of rechargeable lithium batteries, which the agency named the "salt bath."

It is reported that the change method founded by CSIRO in cooperation with the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology and the Queensland University of Technology. According to CSIRO researchers, the material they use is an ionic liquid, also known as a room temperature molten salt. A transparent, colorless, odorless, and flame retardant liquid can applied to the electrode surface. A protective film formed to keep the battery stable during use. The process and principle of processing the battery is that the lithium metal electrode immersed in the mixed electrolyte containing the ionic liquid and the lithium salt before the battery assembled. After this treatment, the battery life can prolonged, and the battery life can extended. Time extended, and performance and security can enhanced.

Lithium battery life of electric vehicles: life of lithium batteries

At this stage, the batteries of electric vehicles that various manufacturers try to develop batteries (mainly lithium-ion batteries) and fuel cells. The fuel cell maintenance costs and maintenance costs are too high (the fuel cell maintenance cost is about three to four batteries). It is not suitable for the development of electric vehicles at this stage. So for the time being, do not mention it, just say the lithium battery that commonly used now.

The life of lithium-ion batteries on ordinary electronic products is about 5 to 20 years, with an average of 8 years. At the current state of the art, lithium-ion batteries have a service life of only about 3-5 years on electric vehicles. When the battery capacity on the electric vehicle reduced to less than 80% of the initial capacity, the driving range of the electric vehicle will significantly reduce. When the battery capacity reduced to less than 70%, the battery must to be replace. For many of today's pure electric vehicles, the cost of the battery is about 40% of the total cost of the car. That is to say, replacing the battery is equivalent to changing the car by half.

The reason why the battery life of electric vehicles is short is due to the influence of working environment and large-scale charging and discharging.

In terms of working environment, the operation of electric vehicle batteries in high temperature or low temperature will have an impact on the life of lithium batteries. This effect is generally uncontrollable. After all, the external environment of driving is less selective.

Lithium battery life of electric vehicles: charging

In terms of charging and discharging, the current charging mode of electric vehicles are two types - household charging piles and charging piles for quick charging. For example, Tesla, the world's best-known electric car, is super-charged. It can charge half of the car in 20 minutes. The charging peak can reach the charging speed of more than 500 kilometers per hour. The charging power is the highest. There are 120 kilowatts.

This kind of charging has a significant impact on the life of the battery. According to foreign statistics, Tesla's battery decay efficiency is about 1% of the 10,000-kilometer recession. If the long-term use of "fast charge" declines, the efficiency will be faster and most electric vehicle manufacturers, including Tesla, are not cover by the warranty milestones, so the impact of battery life on the car is enough to attract users' attention.

In development of new energy vehicles, high-end energy sources such as fuel cells will definitely be a trend in the future. Lithium-ion batteries lifetime for electric vehicles may not so long, but lithium-ion batteries are indeed the most suitable choice in the prior art. Although problems like slow charging and short battery life is urgently need to solved, the battery decline cannot ignored, even more important than the former two, because it can directly affect life of the car. If the research results of CSIRO can applied to actual situation, there is no small driving force for development of lithium battery vehicles.

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