What is the relationship and difference between supercapacitors and batteries?

For some of the science and engineering, understanding of capacitance is more or less certain, even ordinary people, may also be seen capacitance, because in our real life, often can see the shadow of the capacitance, but the super capacitor battery is not so many people know, super capacity battery is on the basis of the supercapacitor developed a battery, the battery has very significant features, is a kind of battery, is stronger than the traditional advantage very much, in many applications very much, for example in the new energy cars, trams, etc., can see the shadow of the super capacity battery, so to speak, emergence and development of super capacity battery, will bring to the industrial revolution, greatly increase the certain aspects of the operation ability.

Because of the different insulation material, have different types of capacitors: according to the structure can be divided into: fixed capacitor, variable capacitance, fine-tuning capacitance.According to the dielectric materials can be divided into: gas medium capacity, liquid dielectric capacitor, inorganic solid dielectric capacitor, electrolytic capacitors organic solid medium.According to the polarity can be divided into: polar capacitor and non-polarity capacitance.We are the most common to the electrolytic capacitor.In principle can be divided into: non-polarity variable capacitor, nonpolar fixed capacitor, such as polar capacitor.From the material can be divided into: CBB capacitance (polyethylene), polyester capacitor, ceramics, mica capacitors, monolithic capacitors, electrolytic capacitors, tantalum capacitors, etc.

1, electrolytic capacitor,

Two pieces of aluminum with each other and two layers of insulation membrane, transfer bundle after immersion in the electrolyte (including the synthesis of acid solution), large capacity, high frequency characteristics.

2, monolithic capacitors,

Smaller volume than the CBB, other with CBB, inductive.

3, mica capacitor

Two layers of metal plating film on the mica sheet, easy production, low technical content, big volume and capacity is small, it (almost).

4, ceramic capacitor

With ceramic medium, on the two sides spraying silver layer ceramic substrate, and then burnt do plate made of silver film, it is characterized by small volume, heat resistant performance is good, low dissipation, high insulation resistance, but the capacity is small, suitable for high frequency circuit.

5, grassroots capacitance

Ferroelectric ceramic capacitance is bigger, but the loss and temperature coefficient is larger, suitable for low frequency circuits.Ceramics sides cross the thin metal film silver and become, small volume, high pressure, low prices, high frequency (there is a high frequency capacitor), fragile!The capacity is low.

6, CBB capacitance

2 layer polyethylene plastic and 2 metal foil alternating inclusion and strapped.

7, non-inductive CBB capacitance

Poly acrylic plastic layer and 2 layers of metal foil alternating inclusions and strapped, non-inductive, good frequency characteristic, volume is small, not suitable for large capacity, the price is higher, heat resistant performance was poor.

Second, the super capacitor is upgrade of traditional capacitance

"Dry" super capacity battery knowledge full resolution

Plate capacitor is made up of two each other of the metal plates of the insulation, electric capacity is proportional to the area of the electrode plates, the clearance between the plates and inversely proportional to.Super capacitor structure is similar to the flat capacitance, the electric is very porous carbon materials, the material of the surface area of the porous structure to make it per gram weight can amount to several thousand square meters, the capacitor charge separation distance is determined by the size of electrolyte ions.Huge surface area with minimal distance between charge, make the super capacitor has great capacity, capacity of ultracapacitors monomer can range from 1 ferrari to thousands of ferrari.

Compared with the traditional battery, super capacitor has many advantages: fast charging, 10 seconds to 10 minutes to charge to more than 95% of its rated capacity;Power density (102 ~ 104) W/kg, is the lithium battery about 10 times;Large current discharge ability;Recycle number 10 ~ 500000 times, long service life;High safety coefficient, the long-term use of free maintenance.But compared with the mainstream sulfur battery is still faced with high cost, low energy density.

Ultracapacitors is carbon-based actives with conductive carbon black and sheet material, binder blended cooperation using polarization electrolyte adsorption the positive and negative ions in the electrolyte, formation of electric double layer structure of energy storage, the energy storage process basic don't react, so very long cycle life.

And batteries, lead-acid battery, for instance, lead-acid battery with fill spongy lead lead plate as the anode, fill the lead plate made of lead dioxide anode, with 1.28% of dilute sulphuric acid as electrolyte.When charging, electrical energy into chemical energy, discharge chemical energy into electricity.Battery during discharge, the metal lead is negative, the oxidation reaction, oxidized lead sulfate;Lead dioxide is positive, reduction reaction, reduction of lead sulfate.When used in dc rechargeable batteries, lead and lead dioxide generated poles respectively.Remove the power supply, it back to the front of the discharge state, form a chemical battery.Can lead battery is repeatedly charging and discharging of battery, is called the secondary battery.

Purpose there is also a difference of the two, the super capacitor energy density is low, but its superior performance, environmental protection, high power to make it widely used in back-up power to charge and discharge, high frequency, high power output, etc, and the battery energy density is high, but the principle of its own limits its lifespan, and charge discharge can cause irreversible to its wounds, and not environmental protection, but in not found alternative to such high energy density under the condition of energy storage component, the future for a long time is still a world of battery (Lithium ion batteries) or even alternative fuels such as gasoline becomes the mainstream of auto kinetic energy oh.

Relationship of the two is that the super capacitor can be high-power output, and to accept the advantages of large current charge and discharge with high energy density of battery for electric car battery life and energy efficiency improvement.

Pure hand to play, hope to help you, don't understand you can ask, I said is only a rough, specific to say, there are a lot of

The super capacitor and battery energy storage element.But has the difference, the super capacitor energy storage process is a physical process, battery energy storage is the process of chemical reaction, both the distinction that having essence.

Super capacitor power characteristics are better than batteries, which can be large current fast charge and discharge, high battery energy density than supercapacitors, batteries to store more energy under same volume;

Because of the super capacitor charging process of the physical life, cycle count up to 500000 times or more commonly, battery charging and discharging, less lead-acid battery 500 times,lithium battery of 1000-1500 times, different types of cycle count is not the same;

Super capacitor in battery, wide working temperature to 40 to 65 degrees.

In some need high power discharge and relatively higher energy can be used the super capacitor and battery used, give full play to the advantages of both.

The page contains the contents of the machine translation.