Lithium iron phosphate batteries and lithium ternary batteries

The power cell is the core of electric vehicle and the only source of driving energy for a pure electric vehicle. It is directly related to the power performance, endurance, and safety of the electric vehicle. From the perspective of the cost structure of new energy vehicles, battery-driven systems account for 30-50 % of the cost of new energy vehicles. Since the birth of electric vehicles, power battery technology has been restricting the practical process of electric vehicles. Increasing power density, energy density, service life, and cost reduction have always been the core of electric vehicle power battery technology research and development.

The lithium battery is one of the most commonly used battery types in electric vehicles. Although it has not been long since its birth in 1970, it has rapidly occupied most of the electric car battery market due to its high energy density and long recycling life. Today, the lithium batteries equipped with electric vehicles are mainly lithium iron phosphate batteries and lithium ternary batteries.

[Shape packaging]

Lithium-ion batteries can be divided into square batteries, soft-pack batteries, and cylindrical batteries.

[Material system]

At present, mainstream lithium iron phosphate batteries and ternary material batteries refer to lithium-ion batteries with lithium iron phosphate and ternary materials as positive materials. A ternary material refers to a positive material with Ni, Co, Mn or Ni, Co, and Al as the core elements.

【 Comprehensive evaluation】

Lithium-iron phosphate battery monomer, the energy density of 120 Wh / kg, after the group is 80 Wh / kg; Lithium battery monomer with an energy density of 180 Wh / kg and an energy density of 110 Wh / kg after formation. From the data point of view, in terms of energy density, the lithium ternary battery is superior to the lithium iron phosphate battery; In terms of cycle life, the two are equivalent, and the cycle life of the single core is greater than 3,000 times. After the cells are grouped, due to the harsh and complex operating conditions, the life span will be reduced, and the battery life will be equivalent to 6 years. 150,000 kilometers. The battery used by the EV200 is a lithium ternary battery.

At present, the energy density of lithium iron phosphate batteries has basically reached the extreme of theory, and the energy density of ternary batteries still has a lot of room for improvement. The comprehensive capability density, power density, cycle life, low-temperature performance and so on, ternary batteries are superior to lithium iron phosphate batteries.

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