What is the reason for the lithium battery driving range is not long?

When the strongest cold air continues to arrive, the life of various electric products seems to have been "frozen". The RND electric scooter does not accidentally experience the decline of battery life. Consumers who do not know the truth may suspect that they have been pitted. Only after buying a few months, the endurance has shrunk so much, what is the reason?

Temperature effect

First of all, most of the electric walking tools use lithium batteries of the type 18650, of which 18 indicates a diameter of 18 mm and 65 indicates a length of 65 mm, and 0 indicates a cylindrical battery.

All lithium ions inside the lithium battery are saved to the positive electrode, while the negative electrode is composed of graphite (carbon). An electrolyte and a separator are included between the positive and negative poles. The discharge process of the lithium battery is the movement process of lithium ions from the negative electrode to the positive electrode, and the discharge of the lithium battery provides the electric vehicle with the electric energy required for operation.

In the case of a lower temperature, the process of charging and discharging will be slower. Therefore, the current of the discharge becomes small, and the capacity of the battery becomes small. The marked operating temperature of the lithium battery is 0-40 ° C, but in fact, when the temperature is lower than 25 ° C, a certain degree of performance degradation occurs: the battery capacity is reduced, the discharge speed is slow, and the battery output power is reduced.

As shown in the figure, the lithium battery can reach the maximum capacity value at 25 ° C, and 25 ° C is the experimental temperature in various types of cruising range test. In fact, the data is slightly different due to differences in the materials and processes of lithium batteries. Simple and rude calculations on the Internet:

At 25 ° C as the standard, the capacitance decreases by about 1% for every 1 ° C drop in temperature. In other words, in the summer (25 ~ 28 °) can run 20 kilometers of the car, in the winter of 5 ° conditions, only consider the battery factor, you can only run up to 15 kilometers.

The reduction in battery life caused by temperature is reversible. When the temperature rises, the car's battery life will resume. This suggests that electrons, like humans, are inactive in winter.

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