Comparison of advantages and disadvantages of ternary lithium ion batteries and lithium iron phosphate battery

At present, lithium iron phosphate batteries and ternary lithium ion batteries are at fierce competition. Many people may want to know which batteries are better, ternary lithium ion batteries or lithium iron phosphate batteries? In my view, as for storage battery, ternary lithium ion battery will be better because lithium iron phosphate battery has reached the high-tech level, while ternary lithium ion battery is still improving. Maybe one day, it will be advanced lithium iron phosphate battery.

lithium iron phosphate battery:

It is a lithium ion battery using lithium iron phosphate as anode material. Its feature is excluding noble element such as cobalt etc. There is no incoming material issue because the raw material is inexpensive, and phosphorus and iron have abundant resources on earth. With suitable working voltage (3.2V), large capacitance under unit weight (170mAh/g), high discharge power, rechargeable and long cycle life, it also has good stability under battery heating and high temperature environment.

Compared with recent market normal lithium cobalt oxide and lithium manganite battery, lithium iron phosphate battery has at least five advantages: higher security, longer cycle life, no any heavy metal or rare metal (low cost of raw material), support fast charge and wider working temperature.

There are some disadvantages on performance of lithium iron phosphate battery, such as low tap density and compaction density, which results in lower energy density; The battery yield and consistency is poor because of high material preparation cost and manufacture cost; Product consistency is poor; Even have an intellectual property issue.

Ternary polymer lithium ion battery:

It is a lithium ion battery using Ni-Co lithium manganite as ternary anode material. Just as Ouyang Minggao from Tsinghua University saying: the ternary material in this survey means that the positive electrode use ternary, while the negative electrode is graphite. This is called ternary power battery. During actual application, there is a material called lithium titanate, which its positive electrode use ternary, negative one is lithium titanate. It will be safer and have longer cycle life, but it does not belong to ternary material.

The advantage of ternary lithium ion battery is high energy density, and its cycle performance is better than normal lithium cobalt oxide. Nowadays, with the improvement of the formula and structure, the Nominal Voltage of the battery reaches 3.7 V, and the capacity is far higher than that of lithium cobalt oxide battery.

Ternary power lithium ion battery includes lithium nickel cobalt aluminate battery, Li-NiCoMn Lithium ion battery etc. The disadvantage of it is poor high temperature security because of unstable high temperature structure of Alnico, and monomer gas issue due to high pH value, which is very dangerous. Last but not least, it cost a lot.

In summary, after brief comparison, ternary polymer lithium ion battery does have better performance than lithium iron phosphate battery, but why its development is impeded? The key development of new energy vehicle is also the same as digital products key point-the progress of battery. It is not only the task of Automotive Technology related industrial people, but also the goal of science researcher in all field to make sure that the battery technology can meet the growing demand of consumers based on safety performance.