Three kinds of dangerous consequence and explosion-proof guide for short circuit of lithium battery

The safety problem of lithium battery is caused by short circuit. If accidentally have left over from the impurities in the electrolyte, the incorrect use and shelve will appear in the battery heating, these impurities caused by the "static" to "move", which is likely to cut across the electrodes used to prevent contact with in the process of movement of the diaphragm to cause short circuit, short circuit may cause the three consequences, it depends on the severity of the shorted.

1. Liquid leakage: when the temperature inside the lithium battery body rises slowly, the shell gradually melts, and the protective layer cannot play a protective role, leading to the leakage of corrosive electrolyte.

2. Explosion: the temperature inside the lithium battery body rises rapidly, but the shell does not melt gradually as the temperature rises slowly. As a result, the internal space of the battery is not enough to hold the expansion gas under heating, and the battery container explodes due to excessive pressure.

3. Spontaneous combustion: the spark generated by short circuit will ignite the electrolyte instantaneously. This is because the electrolyte is composed of flammable liquid.

Although reports of spontaneous combustion and explosion of lithium batteries are common, they are actually negligible in proportion. This is because lithium battery manufacturers have taken these safety risks into consideration and tried to avoid this situation in several levels.

First of all, measures have been taken from the internal structure of lithium battery. The quantity and size of qualified lithium battery impurities are all controlled in a very small range, and the probability of tearing the diaphragm is very low.

Second, portable lithium ion batteries, such as laptop batteries with a multi-level protection mechanism, even in the case of charger and computer abnormalities, lithium batteries can also be turned into automatic protection.

Third, the use of warning measures. Including: original lithium battery, original charger, suitable ambient temperature, do not modify the battery, etc.

However, the above three safety measures may not be 100% guaranteed to be fully implemented. For example, the protection mechanism of lithium battery may also degrade after a long period of use, leading to a decrease in the sensitivity of handling over charge, over discharge, over current and over heat. Thus, safety risks may still occur under the above conditions. In general, the theoretical accident probability of lithium battery * is only one in several hundred thousand or one in a million, which is a mature product.

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