Introduction to acid and alkaline batteries

Now people when it comes to dry battery, are considered to be divided into carbon batteries and alkaline batteries, but not many people get their name origin, in fact the two term is taken according to different standards, carbon batteries because of its graphite rod as the anode conductive material is commonly known as "carbon package" surrounded by powdery manganese dioxide and carbon powder mixture, from the anode material "carbon bag" and take its meaning, alkaline batteries is based on the nature of the dry cell electrolyte and the name, because power battery using the alkaline potassium hydroxide solution as the electrolyte, so people call it alkaline batteries.

In accordance with the unified standards, carbon batteries actually should be called acid zinc manganese dry battery, and corresponds to the alkaline zinc manganese dry cell.

Acid zinc manganese dry cell was oriented acid reaction from aspects of design, it is the basic structure of le krona pavilions by French scientists first determine down, so also known as le krona pavilions battery, the battery shell as the cathode zinc tube, is extremely in the middle of a stick of carbon and manganese dioxide powder, ammonium chloride electrolyte battery is discharging process at work, it is a to convert chemical energy into electricity supply open circuit, the process of manganese zinc than lively, zinc lost electrons are in the process of oxidation reaction, reduction of manganese is electronic.

Alkaline zinc manganese dry cell was oriented alkaline reaction from aspects of design, its structure and acid zinc manganese dry cell battery (carbon) on the contrary, battery center is negative, made up of zinc powder;The positive is a mixture of manganese dioxide and potassium hydroxide solution, negative to the anode bag in the middle, potassium hydroxide electrolyte is at the same time.The outermost layer is steel shell.

This compared with acid battery of structure, ensure the alkaline battery discharge because of the protection of the steel shell, the expansion of the manganese dioxide won't make you apart.

By the difference between these two kinds of structure can be seen, the alkaline battery is actually an improvement on acid batteries, for example, zinc tube to participate in the reaction of acid battery, it is a shell, if too little zinc tube with zinc, extremely easy to make zinc tube piercing and leaking, zinc tube too much can cause waste, will form the voltage instability and the storage time is not long, the alkaline battery shell protection, only because of the cathode materials by zinc tube into zinc powder, also increases the negative response surface area, makes the alkaline batteries have more capacity, even so, carbon batteries and alkaline batteries are still belong to dry cell camps, electrolytes, this is because they are paste, and their nominal voltage is 1.5 V, it is 1.5 V dry cell.

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